Austin Osman Spare Archive
http://www.banger.com/spare/
An online collection of artwork and writing by Austin Osman Spare, the early 20th century occultist who was a formative influence on chaos magic. Includes The Book of Satyrs, Anathema of Zos, and The Focus of Life.
Chaos Matrix
http://www.chaosmatrix.org/
A very large and diverse collection of texts on chaos magic and related topics, including digital copies of a number of classic occult texts, a special section on occult swordplay, a wonderful occult humour section called "Banish with Laughter", and more. Probably about the largest collection of chaos information you'll find in one place anywhere on the web, and nicely designed too. Note: newly back online at a new domain, after a lengthy absence.
Fifth Aeon Egregore
http://www.philhine.org.uk/
One of my favourite sites in any category, this is the web site Phil Hine, author of Condensed Chaos, Prime Chaos, and other books. It's packed with a wide variety of thought-provoking articles on chaos magic, sexuality, Tantra, the Cthulhu mythos and much more, by Hine and others, plus downloadable copies of many of his early works in PDF format. Hine is pretty much my favourite occult writer in any genre - I sometimes think his style is about what you'd get if you put Aleister Crowley, Jacques Derrida and Terry Pratchett in a blender and pressed Puree, then poured the result into your favourite teacup and enjoyed it in a comfy chair by the fire. Or something like that.
HyperDiscordia: Confusion for a New Generation
http://jubal.westnet.com/hyperdiscordia/
The name says it all. Includes the Good Gnus Babble, the Librum Nonsequitorium, extracts from the Principia Discordia, and much more. And yes, I do realize that Discordianism isn't really the same thing as chaos magic, but you've got to admit they're thematically related, at least...
Illuminates Of Thanateros - America
http://iota.goetia.net/
The IOT, founded by Peter Carroll, author of Liber Null and Psychonaut, Liber Kaos, etc., is the best-known chaos magic order (though using chaos and order in the same phrase like that sounds a little odd), and has a reputation for being one of the more "serious", though whether you consider that a good or bad thing is a matter of individual taste. Accordingly, this site isn't quite as much fun as some of the others reviewed in this section, but it's got some good information. The "Chaos Magic Theory" article is particularly recommended.
Kaotic Illuminated Adepts (KIA)
http://www.kiamagic.com/kia/
Website of a non-hierarchal chaos magic network, which seems to be still in a fairly early stage of development, but includes some interesting ideas and online divination and gnosis inducing tools.
The Loose Change Chapterhouse
http://www.geocities.com/loose_change23/
A simple site, but with some excellent content, enlightening and amusing both. I was especially fond of the Chaotic Parable.
Z(Cluster)
http://members.aol.com/zcluster/
An informal network of chaos magicians and other like-minded occultists, with a considerably more lighthearted and casual approach than the IOT. The 12 Principles of Chaos, which I dearly love, should give you an idea of the general flavour. Membership is open to anyone who declares themselves to be a member, and a mailing list forms the main nexus of communication. The site also contains a sizeable collection of articles, rituals, artwork, etc. The fact that it's hosted on AOL makes it a little wonky sometimes, but it's worth it.